rabbit polyclonal antibody to top2a proteintech 20233 1 ap at 1 400 dilution Search Results


94
Proteintech rabbit polyclonal antibody to top2a proteintech 20233 1 ap at 1 400 dilution
Spatial transcriptomics-based in situ hybridization–like expression mapping of the <t>TOP2A-LGALS1-immune</t> microenvironments axis and validation by immunohistochemistry. ( A ) To simulate an in situ hybridization–like pattern, spatial transcriptomic data for TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 were mapped onto the tissue section. TOP2A and LGALS1 expression was markedly upregulated in the tumor region compared with the non-tumorous area located in the lower right of the section. In contrast, no corresponding increase in the expression of CD69 or CD4, which are presumed to be negatively regulated by LGALS1, was observed. Bars = 1 mm. ( B ) Immunohistochemical staining using specific antibodies against TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 demonstrated expression patterns parallel to those observed in panel ( A ), confirming that the mRNA expression profiles identified by spatial transcriptomics are similarly reflected at the protein level. Microvessels are indicated by arrows. Bars = 75 μm.
Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody To Top2a Proteintech 20233 1 Ap At 1 400 Dilution, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+polyclonal+antibody+to+top2a+proteintech+20233+1+ap+at+1+400+dilution/TOP2A-Specific+Antibody/pmc12971178-78-7-12
Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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93
Proteintech anti top2a
Spatial transcriptomics-based in situ hybridization–like expression mapping of the <t>TOP2A-LGALS1-immune</t> microenvironments axis and validation by immunohistochemistry. ( A ) To simulate an in situ hybridization–like pattern, spatial transcriptomic data for TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 were mapped onto the tissue section. TOP2A and LGALS1 expression was markedly upregulated in the tumor region compared with the non-tumorous area located in the lower right of the section. In contrast, no corresponding increase in the expression of CD69 or CD4, which are presumed to be negatively regulated by LGALS1, was observed. Bars = 1 mm. ( B ) Immunohistochemical staining using specific antibodies against TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 demonstrated expression patterns parallel to those observed in panel ( A ), confirming that the mRNA expression profiles identified by spatial transcriptomics are similarly reflected at the protein level. Microvessels are indicated by arrows. Bars = 75 μm.
Anti Top2a, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+polyclonal+antibody+to+top2a+proteintech+20233+1+ap+at+1+400+dilution/TOP2A+Antibody/pmc04149901-131-40-39
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
anti top2a - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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Fortis Life Sciences top2a
A iPOND-SILAC workflow comparing nascent chromatin proteins in U2OS cells synchronized to ES or LS. B , C Log2 (ES/LS) abundance ratios for topoisomerases and replication factors from two biological replicates. D U2OS <t>TOP2A</t> cells were synchronized with thymidine as in 1D and analyzed by DNA fiber analysis. Gray dots indicate individual tracts ( > 300/condition); blue dots, replicate medians ( n = 3); horizontal bars, overall median. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions. E U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D, treated with ICRF-187, merbarone or DMSO for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in 3D. The P -values were calculated using One-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). F U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D treated with CDC7 inhibitor for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in Fig. 3D. The P -values were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis’s test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post-test ( n = 3). G Chromatin fractionation and immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (representative of 3 replicates). H Bars represent median normalized frequency of new origin firing (during both labels) in U2OS TOP2A . The P values for ES and LS samples were calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon and Welch’s t test (two-sided), respectively ( n = 3). Error bars = SD. I Proliferation assay quantifying cell growth over 5 days in asynchronous U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells. Black dots, mean of three replicates; error bars, SD. J Bars represent median mitotic defects in synchronized cells as in 2 G by DAPI-anaphase bridges and micronuclei ( n = 3). Bars represent the overall median of three replicates. Error bars = SD. P -values were calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). K , L ) γH2AX and ssDNA immunostaining of synchronized U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells as in 2H, I. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
Top2a, supplied by Fortis Life Sciences, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+polyclonal+antibody+to+top2a+proteintech+20233+1+ap+at+1+400+dilution/Topo+II+Alpha+Antibody/pmc13381709-262-25-26
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
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Santa Cruz Biotechnology anti p53
A iPOND-SILAC workflow comparing nascent chromatin proteins in U2OS cells synchronized to ES or LS. B , C Log2 (ES/LS) abundance ratios for topoisomerases and replication factors from two biological replicates. D U2OS <t>TOP2A</t> cells were synchronized with thymidine as in 1D and analyzed by DNA fiber analysis. Gray dots indicate individual tracts ( > 300/condition); blue dots, replicate medians ( n = 3); horizontal bars, overall median. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions. E U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D, treated with ICRF-187, merbarone or DMSO for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in 3D. The P -values were calculated using One-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). F U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D treated with CDC7 inhibitor for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in Fig. 3D. The P -values were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis’s test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post-test ( n = 3). G Chromatin fractionation and immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (representative of 3 replicates). H Bars represent median normalized frequency of new origin firing (during both labels) in U2OS TOP2A . The P values for ES and LS samples were calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon and Welch’s t test (two-sided), respectively ( n = 3). Error bars = SD. I Proliferation assay quantifying cell growth over 5 days in asynchronous U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells. Black dots, mean of three replicates; error bars, SD. J Bars represent median mitotic defects in synchronized cells as in 2 G by DAPI-anaphase bridges and micronuclei ( n = 3). Bars represent the overall median of three replicates. Error bars = SD. P -values were calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). K , L ) γH2AX and ssDNA immunostaining of synchronized U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells as in 2H, I. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
Anti P53, supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+polyclonal+antibody+to+top2a+proteintech+20233+1+ap+at+1+400+dilution/p53/pmc04149901-131-21-24
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Proteintech anti pax8
A iPOND-SILAC workflow comparing nascent chromatin proteins in U2OS cells synchronized to ES or LS. B , C Log2 (ES/LS) abundance ratios for topoisomerases and replication factors from two biological replicates. D U2OS <t>TOP2A</t> cells were synchronized with thymidine as in 1D and analyzed by DNA fiber analysis. Gray dots indicate individual tracts ( > 300/condition); blue dots, replicate medians ( n = 3); horizontal bars, overall median. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions. E U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D, treated with ICRF-187, merbarone or DMSO for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in 3D. The P -values were calculated using One-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). F U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D treated with CDC7 inhibitor for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in Fig. 3D. The P -values were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis’s test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post-test ( n = 3). G Chromatin fractionation and immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (representative of 3 replicates). H Bars represent median normalized frequency of new origin firing (during both labels) in U2OS TOP2A . The P values for ES and LS samples were calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon and Welch’s t test (two-sided), respectively ( n = 3). Error bars = SD. I Proliferation assay quantifying cell growth over 5 days in asynchronous U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells. Black dots, mean of three replicates; error bars, SD. J Bars represent median mitotic defects in synchronized cells as in 2 G by DAPI-anaphase bridges and micronuclei ( n = 3). Bars represent the overall median of three replicates. Error bars = SD. P -values were calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). K , L ) γH2AX and ssDNA immunostaining of synchronized U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells as in 2H, I. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
Anti Pax8, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/rabbit+polyclonal+antibody+to+top2a+proteintech+20233+1+ap+at+1+400+dilution/PAX8+Antibody/pmc04149901-131-36-39
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Image Search Results


Spatial transcriptomics-based in situ hybridization–like expression mapping of the TOP2A-LGALS1-immune microenvironments axis and validation by immunohistochemistry. ( A ) To simulate an in situ hybridization–like pattern, spatial transcriptomic data for TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 were mapped onto the tissue section. TOP2A and LGALS1 expression was markedly upregulated in the tumor region compared with the non-tumorous area located in the lower right of the section. In contrast, no corresponding increase in the expression of CD69 or CD4, which are presumed to be negatively regulated by LGALS1, was observed. Bars = 1 mm. ( B ) Immunohistochemical staining using specific antibodies against TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 demonstrated expression patterns parallel to those observed in panel ( A ), confirming that the mRNA expression profiles identified by spatial transcriptomics are similarly reflected at the protein level. Microvessels are indicated by arrows. Bars = 75 μm.

Journal: Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica

Article Title: Spatial Transcriptomics Meets Histochemistry: Insights from Glioblastoma as a Model System

doi: 10.1267/ahc.25-00065

Figure Lengend Snippet: Spatial transcriptomics-based in situ hybridization–like expression mapping of the TOP2A-LGALS1-immune microenvironments axis and validation by immunohistochemistry. ( A ) To simulate an in situ hybridization–like pattern, spatial transcriptomic data for TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 were mapped onto the tissue section. TOP2A and LGALS1 expression was markedly upregulated in the tumor region compared with the non-tumorous area located in the lower right of the section. In contrast, no corresponding increase in the expression of CD69 or CD4, which are presumed to be negatively regulated by LGALS1, was observed. Bars = 1 mm. ( B ) Immunohistochemical staining using specific antibodies against TOP2A, LGALS1, CD69, and CD4 demonstrated expression patterns parallel to those observed in panel ( A ), confirming that the mRNA expression profiles identified by spatial transcriptomics are similarly reflected at the protein level. Microvessels are indicated by arrows. Bars = 75 μm.

Article Snippet: Importantly, subsequent immunohistochemical analysis by use of (rabbit polyclonal antibody to TOP2A (Proteintech, 20233-1-AP, at 1:400 dilution) and to Galectin-1 (Proteintech, 11858-1-AP, at 1:1000 dilution) provided additional spatial resolution at the protein level, demonstrating that both TOP2A and LGALS1 showed particularly enhanced expression in tumor cells located in close proximity to microvessels ( B).

Techniques: Spatial Transcriptomics, In Situ Hybridization, Expressing, Biomarker Discovery, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

A iPOND-SILAC workflow comparing nascent chromatin proteins in U2OS cells synchronized to ES or LS. B , C Log2 (ES/LS) abundance ratios for topoisomerases and replication factors from two biological replicates. D U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized with thymidine as in 1D and analyzed by DNA fiber analysis. Gray dots indicate individual tracts ( > 300/condition); blue dots, replicate medians ( n = 3); horizontal bars, overall median. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions. E U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D, treated with ICRF-187, merbarone or DMSO for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in 3D. The P -values were calculated using One-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). F U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D treated with CDC7 inhibitor for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in Fig. 3D. The P -values were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis’s test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post-test ( n = 3). G Chromatin fractionation and immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (representative of 3 replicates). H Bars represent median normalized frequency of new origin firing (during both labels) in U2OS TOP2A . The P values for ES and LS samples were calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon and Welch’s t test (two-sided), respectively ( n = 3). Error bars = SD. I Proliferation assay quantifying cell growth over 5 days in asynchronous U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells. Black dots, mean of three replicates; error bars, SD. J Bars represent median mitotic defects in synchronized cells as in 2 G by DAPI-anaphase bridges and micronuclei ( n = 3). Bars represent the overall median of three replicates. Error bars = SD. P -values were calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). K , L ) γH2AX and ssDNA immunostaining of synchronized U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells as in 2H, I. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Topological stress regulates replication fork dynamics in unperturbed S phase

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-73330-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: A iPOND-SILAC workflow comparing nascent chromatin proteins in U2OS cells synchronized to ES or LS. B , C Log2 (ES/LS) abundance ratios for topoisomerases and replication factors from two biological replicates. D U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized with thymidine as in 1D and analyzed by DNA fiber analysis. Gray dots indicate individual tracts ( > 300/condition); blue dots, replicate medians ( n = 3); horizontal bars, overall median. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions. E U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D, treated with ICRF-187, merbarone or DMSO for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in 3D. The P -values were calculated using One-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). F U2OS TOP2A cells were synchronized as in 1D treated with CDC7 inhibitor for the last 1.5 hrs. prior to DNA fiber analysis. Plotting as in Fig. 3D. The P -values were calculated using Kruskal-Wallis’s test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post-test ( n = 3). G Chromatin fractionation and immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies (representative of 3 replicates). H Bars represent median normalized frequency of new origin firing (during both labels) in U2OS TOP2A . The P values for ES and LS samples were calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon and Welch’s t test (two-sided), respectively ( n = 3). Error bars = SD. I Proliferation assay quantifying cell growth over 5 days in asynchronous U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells. Black dots, mean of three replicates; error bars, SD. J Bars represent median mitotic defects in synchronized cells as in 2 G by DAPI-anaphase bridges and micronuclei ( n = 3). Bars represent the overall median of three replicates. Error bars = SD. P -values were calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). K , L ) γH2AX and ssDNA immunostaining of synchronized U2OS and U2OS TOP2A cells as in 2H, I. The P -value was calculated using Welch’s t test (two-sided) comparing medians between conditions ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used at the indicated dilutions RPA (Abcam, ab2175) at 1:250; PrimPol (Proteintech, 29824-1-AP) at 1:1000; Histone H3 (Abcam, ab10799) at 1:1000; TOP2A (Bethyl, A300-054A) at 1:1000; GAPDH (Millipore, MAB374) at 1:1000; γH2AX (Ser139) (Cell Signaling, 2577S) at 1:1000; 53BP1 (Santa Cruz, sc-517281) at 1:250; Histone H3K9ac (Upstate, 06-942) at 1:500; TOP1 (Sigma, SAB5702042) at 1:1000; RNA Polymerase II (Millipore, 05-952) at 1:1000; Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (Cell Signaling, 2348) at 1:250; BrdU (MoBU-1) (ThermoFisher, B35128 ) at 1:250; BrdU Clone B44 (detects IdU; Becton Dickinson, 347580) at 1:100; BrdU Clone BU1/75 (detects CldU; Abcam, ab6326) at 1:100; Tubulin (B-7) (Santa Cruz, sc-5286) at 1:1000; and Cyclin E (HE12) (Santa Cruz, sc-247) at 1:1000.

Techniques: Multiplex sample analysis, Comparison, Fractionation, Western Blot, Proliferation Assay, Immunostaining

A S1 nuclease DNA combing experimental workflow. B Median IdU tract lengths in U2OS, U2OS RPA , U2OS PPol , and U2OS TOP2A with/without S1 nuclease from three replicates, normalized to U2OS ES, error bars, SD. The P -values for comparing U2OS ES with or without S1 calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon test, and for the rest of the comparisons, one-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test was used ( n = 3). C ) pCHK1 (S345) staining in synchronized ES cells; Blue dots represent median integrated intensity per nucleus ( > 30,000 nucleus/condition) from three biological replicates; horizontal bars indicate overall medians. The P values calculated by one-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). D ) DNA fiber analysis in RPE_CycE_p53KO cells with or without induction of Cyclin E expression, with or without TOP2A expression, with or without ICRF187 treatment. Each dot indicates individual tracts ( > 300/condition) from three biological replicates; blue dots, replicate medians; horizontal bars, overall median. The P -values were calculated by one-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Topological stress regulates replication fork dynamics in unperturbed S phase

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-73330-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: A S1 nuclease DNA combing experimental workflow. B Median IdU tract lengths in U2OS, U2OS RPA , U2OS PPol , and U2OS TOP2A with/without S1 nuclease from three replicates, normalized to U2OS ES, error bars, SD. The P -values for comparing U2OS ES with or without S1 calculated using one-sample t and Wilcoxon test, and for the rest of the comparisons, one-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test was used ( n = 3). C ) pCHK1 (S345) staining in synchronized ES cells; Blue dots represent median integrated intensity per nucleus ( > 30,000 nucleus/condition) from three biological replicates; horizontal bars indicate overall medians. The P values calculated by one-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). D ) DNA fiber analysis in RPE_CycE_p53KO cells with or without induction of Cyclin E expression, with or without TOP2A expression, with or without ICRF187 treatment. Each dot indicates individual tracts ( > 300/condition) from three biological replicates; blue dots, replicate medians; horizontal bars, overall median. The P -values were calculated by one-way ANOVA with Šidák’s multiple comparisons post-test ( n = 3). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used at the indicated dilutions RPA (Abcam, ab2175) at 1:250; PrimPol (Proteintech, 29824-1-AP) at 1:1000; Histone H3 (Abcam, ab10799) at 1:1000; TOP2A (Bethyl, A300-054A) at 1:1000; GAPDH (Millipore, MAB374) at 1:1000; γH2AX (Ser139) (Cell Signaling, 2577S) at 1:1000; 53BP1 (Santa Cruz, sc-517281) at 1:250; Histone H3K9ac (Upstate, 06-942) at 1:500; TOP1 (Sigma, SAB5702042) at 1:1000; RNA Polymerase II (Millipore, 05-952) at 1:1000; Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (Cell Signaling, 2348) at 1:250; BrdU (MoBU-1) (ThermoFisher, B35128 ) at 1:250; BrdU Clone B44 (detects IdU; Becton Dickinson, 347580) at 1:100; BrdU Clone BU1/75 (detects CldU; Abcam, ab6326) at 1:100; Tubulin (B-7) (Santa Cruz, sc-5286) at 1:1000; and Cyclin E (HE12) (Santa Cruz, sc-247) at 1:1000.

Techniques: Staining, Expressing

During early S phase, high origin firing combined with low TOP2A levels increases torsional stress, causing fork uncoupling and ATR-CHK1 activation, leading to fork slowing. In the late S phase, reduced origin firing combined with high TOP2A levels minimizes torsional stress, thereby enabling higher fork speed. For simplicity, we focused on catenation and excluded supercoiling from the model. Created in BioRender. Bhowmick, R. (2026) https://BioRender.com/v65b2oo .

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Topological stress regulates replication fork dynamics in unperturbed S phase

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-73330-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: During early S phase, high origin firing combined with low TOP2A levels increases torsional stress, causing fork uncoupling and ATR-CHK1 activation, leading to fork slowing. In the late S phase, reduced origin firing combined with high TOP2A levels minimizes torsional stress, thereby enabling higher fork speed. For simplicity, we focused on catenation and excluded supercoiling from the model. Created in BioRender. Bhowmick, R. (2026) https://BioRender.com/v65b2oo .

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were used at the indicated dilutions RPA (Abcam, ab2175) at 1:250; PrimPol (Proteintech, 29824-1-AP) at 1:1000; Histone H3 (Abcam, ab10799) at 1:1000; TOP2A (Bethyl, A300-054A) at 1:1000; GAPDH (Millipore, MAB374) at 1:1000; γH2AX (Ser139) (Cell Signaling, 2577S) at 1:1000; 53BP1 (Santa Cruz, sc-517281) at 1:250; Histone H3K9ac (Upstate, 06-942) at 1:500; TOP1 (Sigma, SAB5702042) at 1:1000; RNA Polymerase II (Millipore, 05-952) at 1:1000; Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (Cell Signaling, 2348) at 1:250; BrdU (MoBU-1) (ThermoFisher, B35128 ) at 1:250; BrdU Clone B44 (detects IdU; Becton Dickinson, 347580) at 1:100; BrdU Clone BU1/75 (detects CldU; Abcam, ab6326) at 1:100; Tubulin (B-7) (Santa Cruz, sc-5286) at 1:1000; and Cyclin E (HE12) (Santa Cruz, sc-247) at 1:1000.

Techniques: Activation Assay